With mosquitoes out, so is West Nile Virus
In 2006, Tennessee saw an increase in the number of human West Nile cases over the previous year and the most since 2003, when 26 cases were reported. There were 22 human cases confirmed in 2006 ? with one fatality. Tennessee had more human West Nile Virus cases in 2006 than any of the surrounding states except Mississippi. Mississippi has already confirmed two human cases of West Nile Virus this year.
Mosquitoes become infected with WNV by feeding on infected birds, and can then transmit the virus to humans through their bites. Most human WNV infections are either asymptomatic or mild. Symptoms may include fever, head and body aches, and usually last only a few days. However, 80 percent of people who become infected with WNV have no noticeable symptoms. The virus cannot be spread from one person to another.
WNV can occasionally cause an infection of the brain in humans. Severe infections, which occur in less than 1 percent of human cases, may cause meningitis or encephalitis and result in high fever, neck stiffness, stupor or disorientation. Severe cases may also cause muscle weakness or paralysis.
? Most mosquitoes likely to transmit WNV bite at dusk and dawn, so avoid being outdoors at these times. If you must go outside during these times, wear long sleeves, long pants and socks to protect yourself.
? Eliminate standing water near your home, which can serve as a breeding ground for mosquitoes. Many containers, even those as small as a bottle cap, can hold enough water for mosquitoes to breed.
? Keep windows and doors closed or cover them with screens to prevent mosquitoes from entering your home.
? Use insect repellent containing either DEET, Picaridin or oil of lemon eucalyptus.
Horses can also be infected with West Nile Virus. Tennessee had eight confirmed cases of West Nile in horses in 2006. Horse owners should be sure that their animals are current on their vaccinations for West Nile as well as for eastern equine encephalitis, which is also carried by mosquitoes.